I thought worldmap.dat is simply the parsed version of worldmap.txt...at least, that's what the comments made in worldmap.txt (or maybe some script file...can't remember, and I'm at work) suggested to me. This is the impression I had:
When Fallout2 first runs, it seems to read initial game state information from worldmap.txt, and parse it into worldmap.dat because there was an idea to make worldmap information dynamic. When the player saves his game, information is read from there to the various save files, and the worldmap.dat file is re-constituted every time a new game is loaded.
I haven't thoroughly tested this out, so I can't be sure that what I just wrote is accurate. Anyone else have other ideas?