NPCs that gets knocked out get the Prone status or ((critter_state(self_obj) bwand 2) == 2). They are also added to the timer events queue.
If you rest for 10 min, just let time pass for a minute or just hit next turn while in combat mode (sometimes more than once), they will come to.
That means get up and lose the prone status. This all works great.
Oh, and by prone status I mean they are treated as containers, their animation don't necessarily have to show them lying down.
If you change map before they have come to, they lose the prone status but not the standing up animation from the timer event. Basically, they are not knocked out, but they are still lying down on the ground, just that the animation is not showing it. I don't think this cause any problems (NPCs work as normal), but you may see them fall flat and then stand up again whenever it's time for them to come to.
They don't seem to play the stand up animation while in combat mode.
Marcus for some reason is different than the other NPCs. He will only be prone while in combat. As soon as you exit combat mode he will lose the prone status (but not prone animation). If you walk away far enough from him to trigger his 'follow you' code or if you leave the map, he will follow you around as normal but his animations will be a bit off (they can stop in the middle of a motion). His stand up animation to get back to normal will only happen while in combat mode, not by passing time.
If a critter gets knocked out and the timer event breaks/goes missing he will forevermore be nothing but a walking container. It can be fixed by hex editing the current map save file. The critter is defined as 18000 + his script number, so Myron is 18160 (or 46 F0 in hex). Search for that and shortly after the last instance of it is the place to edit.
EDIT: well, knocking him out again and letting him come to will fix him as well, I guess that's a better solution.
I haven't really been able to trigger any bigger issues (like NPCs refusing to take part in combat).
I'm pretty sure I got someones save earlier where Sulik wasn't responsive until after a few rounds of combat, but I can't remember shit and also I lost everything Fallout related I had in a hard-drive crash a while back.