So I am not sure where this idea of 'Women can do it all!' is coming from.
It is something I have seen popping up more and more, on television, in comics, video games. I think it has something to do with the "Gender is a social construct thing."
Personally I have never seen women as "inferior", just different with their own strengths and qualities.
Some professions or skills are better suited to men and others are better suited to women.
There are sometimes some viewpoint differences that can lead to arguments but in a healthy society there is room for both without one being raised over the other.
Before I go off subject with this, those differences you also mentioned is what I mean game design could play on to give players a completely different experience to when one plays a male character, especially when one takes historical context into account.
Female characters do not have to be made inferior, they just play different. Perhaps more subtlety is required or other capabilities a woman has that a man doesn't in a game like this. (and no I am not talking about sex)
A male Spartan character could be well respected by his peers because of his reputation but a female priestess character could perhaps be somewhat feared by the Spartans. They being very careful not to upset her or do anything that could be taken as an insult through which they fall out of favor with the gods.
Roleplaying possibilities.
Edit: alternatively treat a female character as harmless as they can not consider a woman to be a potential enemy until it is to late.